Analysis Of `` Sonny s Blue `` By James Baldwin - 1474 Words

Music can be the lead to freedom from darkness. The story â€Å"Sonny’s Blue† by James Baldwin takes places in Harlem around the 1950’s. The story is about two brothers. One of the brothers is the narrator of the story whose name is unknown. The narrator tells the story of the struggles in Harlem but mainly the struggles of his brother with drugs, and his passion for jazz music. Through out the story the narrator avoids giving a sense of his own struggles with himself. However, in the end the reader can see the narrator’s struggles making the story more about him that Sonny. In â€Å"Sonny s Blues† symbols play a huge role and give a deeper meaning in the story. One of the biggest symbols in the store is the constant reference to darkness. In the story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† darkness symbolizes oppression, while music symbolizes freedom. In the story darkness represents the oppression of the African American community living in Harlem du ring the 1950’s. Harlem is a major place for African Americans. Harlem was their little world where there’s no whites or any other race but them. It also takes place before civil rights, meaning that African Americans didn t have any right. Harlem is not as perfect as they wish it was, in fact its nothing but hopeless. Nobody in Harlem is meant to move forward. As the narrator refers to the young kids in Harlem â€Å"They were filled with rage. All they knew was two darkness, the darkness of their lives†¦and their darkness in the movies, which had blindedShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 916 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin’s story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† tells the tale of two African-American brothers trying to survive in 1950s America. Both struggle with darkness in their lives, from drugs to bottling up emotions. The following sources were found Literature Research Center’s website. Each of the four source s will be evaluated for the quality of their information, as well as their usefulness on the topic of darkness in â€Å" â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. Flibbert, Joseph. Sonny s Blues: Overview. Reference Guide to ShortRead MoreAnalysis Of Sonny s Blue By James Baldwin Essay1004 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Sonny’s Blue† by James Baldwin is a story about two brothers who grew up in poverty. One brother went on to become a teacher, while the other pursued his dreams to become a musician and finds himself in prison due to drug use. The story begins with the narrator finding out about Sonny’s arrest. It’s easy to see his shock and almost disbelief. It takes the narrator a while to write to Sonny, but eventually he does, and they regain communication with one another after over a year of silence. Sonny is releasedRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 933 Words   |  4 Pagesstory. Blues is a genre of music that is often used to express a sad mood. The contradictory lives of the two brothers contribute to the theme of being safe and take risks. In this story, James Baldwin writes about two brothers who were raised together. As time passed, they separated from one another and lived completely different lives. â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin addresses the themes of finding comfort in music, dangers of addiction and the suffering of two brothers. First, Baldwin uses theRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 1578 Words   |  7 PagesJames Baldwin’s short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† was a great tale of the struggles shared between two brothers in Harlem in 1957. This story is about two African American brothers who, unfortunately, grew apart as the aged. The plot shows the struggles the two brothers faced as they grew up in Harlem, and in return, the two drastically different paths they perused. James Baldwin was an African American who grew up in Harlem in the 1930s and 40s. Baldwin was the oldest of nine children, and grew upRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesSeveral dialectics are at play in James Baldwin’s short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† including a dialectic between the narrator and his beloved brother Sonny involving their opposing responses to the sense of oppression and limitation that arises from living in Har lem. This dialectic and its resolution closely parallel Baldwin’s masterful use of Blues, Jazz, and Gospel music. We follow the narrator and his brother Sonny as they traverse the complexities of their individual and interconnected Harlem livesRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny Blues 1753 Words   |  8 Pagesiniquity, gloom, or without light. In the short novel Sonny Blues by James Baldwin, the word â€Å"darkness† appeared frequently throughout the reading. I think the significance of darkness of this particular situation of this book that Baldwin is trying to present is fear and suffering. It shows how the characters are in the state of panic and fear, of the situation they are in and all the sufferings they have to go through. Connecting the Baldwin to the novel, Harlem; where the story takes place isRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 1366 Words   |  6 Pagesand dark ultimately guides Sonny and the narrator in their journey to overcome their internal struggles. In the short story Sonny’s Blues, James Baldwin uses darkness and light to show struggles and, transformation as both brothers teeter between the different shades of the blues, using music as a way to bring them both to redemption. Often times, when light is used in stories, readers can very easily relate the idea to happiness and following the right path. Baldwin uses light to illustrate whatRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 995 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin presents an emotional journey through Harlem in the 1950’s with his short story, â€Å"Sonny’s Blues.† From the beginning, the story is in medias res when the unnamed narrator is informed of bad news concerning his younger, troubled brother, Sonny. Throughout the story there is an ocean of emotions witnessed between these two brothers as they battle hardships from their past and present time. The setting plays an important role in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† to an extent where it is practically a characterRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesntroduction: James Baldwin, author of Sonny s Blues, once said, I grew up with music...much more than with any other language. In a way, the music I grew up with saved my life (Session 3 Inquiry: Rudolfo Anaya and James Baldwin, 2015).   Blues becomes Sonny s drug and his addiction to it his salvation.       Even though the adults refrain from lamenting their sufferings directly to the children and telling them about the darkness, the child-narrator still intimates its marks in their facesRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 1292 Words   |  6 Pages James Baldwin was raised in poverty in Harlem where, at the age of fourteen, he became a preacher in the Fireside Pentecostal Church. After high school he decided to become a writer and with the help of the black American expatriate writer Richard Wright, won a grant that enabled him to move to Paris, where he lived most of his remaining years. He wrote a variety of novels mostly about the intellectual trials of black men in a white, racist society and homosexual themes. James Baldwin wrote â€Å"Sonny’s

Consumption Versus Sustainability Of The United States

Consumption versus Sustainability The United States is economy is based on a consumption driven model. Corporate law has more to do with lining shareholder pockets than environmental protection. Externalities have become a byproduct of doing business in the United States. Perhaps this is why economics has become an environmental issue as well as a financial one. The release of greenhouse gasses into the environment is increasing. The environmental impact of electronic goods is negatively affecting our ecosystem. From water, to farming, to the amount of trash we dispose of our consumption continues to impact our environment in negative ways; in the not so distant future the damage could become irreversible. Recycling helps a great deal, but, the only reasonable path back to a sustainable way of life must, by necessity, include less consumption. Many manufactured goods have substantial environmental effects associated with their manufacture and in some cases, their consumption. An example of this is Cotton productio n; it can take more than 5.28 gallons of water to produce 1kg of cotton, which is equivalent to a pair of jeans and a T-shirt, according to the World Wildlife Foundation. One look at a local mall and the scale of the water that is wasted becomes obvious. The Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) state that 40 percent of food purchased in the U.S. is thrown away. National Geographic reports: Aquifers provide us freshwater that makes up for surfaceShow MoreRelatedSustainability Multiple Choice Questions1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe term sustainability refers to ________. A) maintaining resource use at current or higher levels B) keeping the natural environment and human society in a happy, healthy and functional state C) holding or increasing the current quality of human life D) always focusing on fulfilling short‑term needs E) opposing change from current policies Objective: 23.2 Sustainable development 2) The current use of fossil fuels versus the needRead MoreA Brief Note On The Marine Environment And Its Effect On Food Security And The Quality Of Life1381 Words   |  6 Pages Abstract The amount of waste created by the citizens of Earth cannot be sustained at the current rate of consumption and production. Together, the world generates 2.9 trillion pounds of waste of just food alone (Garfield, Gould, Insider, 2016). The more developed countries, like the United States, generate ten times as much waste as underdeveloped countries like Saharan Africa. Land degradation, declining soil fertility, unsustainable water use, overfishing and marine environment degradationRead MoreThe Scholarly Format Appropriate For The Field1322 Words   |  6 Pagespolicies and cultural attitudes in Germany, such as the German Federal Government’s guiding principles of Sustainability: â€Å"[†¦] intergenerational equity, quality of life, social cohesion and international responsibility† (German Federal Government). I will narrow my focus to compare policies and attitudes regarding the interplay between building design and energy consumption. Builders in the United States have access to the same advanced technologies that those in Germany have. However, when compared toRead MoreBenefits Of Globalization On Jobs891 Words   |  4 Pagesgoods. But, what they may not understand is trade comes with added benefits. To date the United States is the largest trading nation in the world. â€Å"Most imports have a lower cost and higher quality, and that improves our standard of living† (Marotta, 2003). It is the competitive pressures associated with trade that cause this notion. It also allows for more choices in goods, which encourages more consumption of goods. The increase in expenditure for these products helps to elevate our economy.Read MoreThe Strategy Of Green Consumerism1569 Words   |  7 Pagesemployees to follow. Overall, sustainability is achieved by the following methods: Instead of stopping consumption of products which are not supportive of Green Consumerism, the methods of production are changed and made more supportive to preserving Nature. Operational models of economy are altered by businesses and governments alike such that natural resources are protected as much as consumer and business interests. Organizations avoid energy wastes, water consumption, cutting down of trees andRead MoreTravel and Tourism Industry: Environmentally Responsible Behavior1041 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironmentally responsible behaviour has grown dramatically over the years from hardly being talked about to has been a major concern (Gustin Weaver, 1996). Deterioration of the environment happened from the growth of the global economy, over consumption and utilization of natural resources. Everyone in the world faces great challenges from the climate changes that have occurring now dues to the human-induced greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel combustion. From the climate changes, it can causeRead MoreGlobal Climate Change, Sustainable Development1572 Words   |  7 Pagesconcern about the global scopes of environmental harm and the movement for international environmental protection grew significantly. The first issues such as oil spills, nuclear testing, and overfishing was the areas targeted fo r ratification by the United Nations, concerning the environmental protection of Antarctica. Increasing concerns over loss species and poorer nations in the lack of resources lead to these three major issues, biodiversity, global climate change, and sustainable development inRead More Ecofeminism- Links the domination of women and the domination of nature.958 Words   |  4 Pagescapitalist patriarchy. A more egalitarian social order could be implemented through the rise of the concept sustainable development. Robert Kates, a professor at Brown University believes that central to such a sustainability transition will be, for both population and consumption, a transition from more to enough (Schmandt 79). As members of a capitalist society we have been socialized to always want more. We never have enough to satisfy our desires. I suggest we reassess our values. SustainableRead MoreFeasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water1251 Words   |  6 Pages considering the type of technology used, cost, volume of water produced and the quality of water in addition. 2.0 DESALINATION OF SEAWATER. Seawater contains high concentrations of salt and other minerals, which makes it unsuitable for human consumption and agricultural practices as well. Desalination is the process by which all or most of the salt and other impurities is removed from seawater by a series of processes in order to make it suitable for human use. 2.1 TECHNOLOGIES AND COST. ForRead MoreEssay on Food Sustainability1216 Words   |  5 Pagescenters. In researching the increasingly pressing issue of food sustainability in global food service it was discovered that implementations are initially expensive and require large amounts of dedication but are ultimately huge factors in increasing brand loyalty and recognition and gaining popularity within the â€Å"green† market segment. It was the goal of this paper to outline specific concerns posed by the issue of food sustainability as well as methods of the industry’s participation in its solutions

How does Shakespeare make Act II Scene V of Twelfth Night particularly humorous Essay Example For Students

How does Shakespeare make Act II Scene V of Twelfth Night particularly humorous Essay In Twelfth Night Shakespeare has used many different conventions of comedy. He used love at first sight, cross dressing and a love triangle in which Cesario (who is a female dressed as a man) falls in love with Orsino, who is in love with Olivia, who in a bizarre twist to the story falls in love with Cesario (who she believes to be male). Mistaken identity is also used when Cesarios brother Sebastian turns up and Olivia mistakes him for Cesario. Most of the plays humour however, revolves around the drunken antics of the two aristocrats, Sir Toby and Sir Andrew and the trick they play on Malvolio, with the help of the servant Maria. Sir Andrew and Sir Toby also create humour when they have a drunken sword fight with Cesario. Shakespeare uses witty jokes to make fun of Malvolio, a hypocritical puritan, and lets the audience eavesdrop on him talking to himself to increase hatred for him and increase the suspense of seeing him tricked. Finally, a Happy Ending is used where couples are paired off into relationships; Orsino and Cesario, Sebastian and Olivia and Sir Toby and Maria, which is typical for a Shakespeare comedy. Situational comedy is produced in Act II Scene III when Malvolio is pompous and rude to Sir Toby and Sir Andrew, who are in fact of higher class than him, Have you no wit, manners, nor honesty but to gabble like tinkers at this time of night? , this would make the audience feel that Malvolio is self important and is likely to make them feel dislike for him. Outraged by Malvolios behaviour another servant, Maria, decides to trick Malvolio into thinking that Olivia is in love with him by sending him a letter, telling him to smile more and wear yellow stockings cross gartered to impress her, to teach him not to be so self-important and arrogant. This creates tension in the audience as Malvolio is already hated for being a Puritan. Shakespeares use of dramatic irony, where the audience and the people playing the trick know what is happening but Malvolio does not, I do not now fool myself, to let imagination jade me and the fact that he thinks that the letter is genuine creates humour and helps the audience to get involved in the practical joke and see his humiliation. Shakespeare also uses farcical comedy to create humour and tension; the stage arrangement means that the audience can hear the letters conspirators struggling to restrain each other as the conceited Malvolio reads aloud the letter, but he cannot, even though he is closer to them than the audience is, which is absurd as he would be more likely to hear them than the audience would. This creates tension in the audience because they are now looking forward to watching Malvolio learn his lesson and humour as it makes Malvolio look dim-witted for not hearing them. The Character based comedy, however, is produced partly by Sir Toby and Sir Andrews drunken antics and foolishness, for many do call me a fool and how close they are to ruining the joke by constantly cursing Malvolio loudly after everything he says, Marry, hang thee, brock, which makes the audience tense as they do not want the conspirators plan to fall through. Malvolio also creates a lot of character based humour by talking to himself and revealing how vain he actually is by announcing his own attractiveness, should she fancy, it should be one of my complexion and how he has always wanted to win Olivias affections, especially to be able to boss the likes of Sir Toby around more, Cousin Toby, my fortunes, having cast me your niece, give me this prerogative of speech and To be Count Malvolio this makes the audience laugh at his stupidity and arrogance and shows him to be even more overconfident and boastful than they first thought, which increases the humour of the practical joke that he will later fall for and the tension of wanting to see the humiliation happen. .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .postImageUrl , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:hover , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:visited , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:active { border:0!important; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:active , .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5 .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u721a5d9166db26182d7af87849a8c1f5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dramatic texts are written to be performed EssayIn addition, satirical humour which is the use of humour to mock corruption and vice is used largely in Act II Scene V. Shakespeare casts Malvolio to be a Puritan, a group that were hated at the beginning of the seventeenth century, as they were predominantly known for being killjoys and severely religious, which further increases the audiences desire to see him shown up. However, Malvolio is not only a Puritan but he is also hypocritical; as Puritans are supposed to live simply without extravagance and ambition, but he secretly wants power, Calling my officers about me, in my branched velvet gown; having come from a day-bed, where I have left Olivia sleeping, this increases hatred for him. Furthermore, Sirs Toby and Andrew are used to satirise the so called upper-class by being drunken and rebellious. The use of language adds greatly to the humour as Shakespeare creates a rude joke, through Malvolio, which the audience would find amusing. These be her very Cs, her Us and her Ts; and thus makes she her great Ps, this refers to sexual and bodily functions, which the audience would find rude and comical. This joke is also a use of dramatic irony as the audience see the significance of the joke but Malvolio does not. Shakespeare also makes Malvolio seem like an animal about to be trapped, Now is the woodcock near the gin, this reminds the audience of the fact he is being tricked. Ironically Malvolio believes he is the one doing the trapping of Olivia when in actual fact he is the one being trapped metaphorically. Malvolio is also made to look pitiable by this reference to him being prey and compared to an animal, And with what wing the staniel checks at it this makes him look pathetic and even more unlikeable which helps the audience to find the humiliation funnier and not feel sorry for him. Comedy of Appearance is created when Malvolio falls for the trick being played on him and agrees to do what the letter tells him, I will be strange, stout, in yellow stockings and cross-gartered this increases the suspense of wanting to see how foolish he will look later on in the play. To show the audience exactly how much of a fool Malvolio is going to look when he approaches Olivia, Maria tells Sir Andrew, Sir Toby and Fabian, he will come to her in yellow stockings, and tis a colour she abhors; and cross gartered, a fashion she detests; and he will smile upon her, which will now be so unsuitable to her disposition, being addicted to a melancholy as she is this shows the extent to which Malvolio has been fooled and makes the audience think that the ending is going to be more exciting than first thought and the prospect of Malvolio coming on stage wearing yellow stockings would be comical. Shakespeare has managed to use every convention of comedy in Act II; situational comedy is created in Scene III and in the trick in Scene V. Satire is used to mock Puritanism and the upper-class and comedy of character is created in both Malvolio and Sir Toby and Sir Andrew. Farce is created by the stage arrangement and the use of language creates humour in the form of a rude joke and in Marias speech to remind the audience of Malvolios pending humiliation. Finally Malvolios concession to wear yellow stockings cross-gartered creates comedy of appearance. Because of all these types of comedy in one scene, Act II Scene V becomes a key part of the play.

The Nuremberg Trials (2078 words) Essay Example For Students

The Nuremberg Trials (2078 words) Essay The Nuremberg TrialsThe Nuremberg TrialsThe Nuremberg trial was built up to be the trial of the century. In the word’s of Norman Birkett, who served as a British alternate judge: it was â€Å"the greatest trial in history† . The four most intriguing characters of this trial were of vast contradiction to each other; there was Herman Georing the relentless leader, Joachim von Ribbentrop the guilty and indecisive follower of Hitler, Hjalmar Schacth the arrogant financial wizard of the Rich and Albert Speer the remorseful head of armament and munitions. Three of the four allies wanted the Nazi leaders to be executed without a trial Winston Churchill said, â€Å"They should be rounded up and shot like dog’s† but the Americans persuaded the other allies that a trial would be most beneficial from a public relations standpoint, so now with the allies agreed the stage for Nuremberg was set. We will write a custom essay on The Nuremberg Trials (2078 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The four most fascinating leaders of the Nazi party that were put on trial were Georing, von Ribbentrop, Schacth and Speer, not so much individually but together. Georing was presumably the most famous and high ranking of all the defendants tried at Nuremberg. He had joined the Nazi party in 1922 and ascended to the post of president of the Reichstag in essence Hitler’s number two man. He like many of the others tried was very intelligent, but seemed to be much too aware of it. He defend himself and Hitler vigorously saying â€Å"the victor will always be the judge and the vanquished the accused. â€Å" Von Ribbentrop was the German foreign minister in theory, but in reality he was just a messenger of Hitler’s will with no real power. He was said by all Nazi leaders to be very week and indecisive to the point of asking prison barbers and guards for advice for his defense. The once powerful man who made foreign policy decisions that cost millions there lives could not even decide if he felt remorse or if he was correct in his actions. Schacth the German in charge of finances and the Reichsbank considered himself to be innocent in the absolute. He stated that he did help rearm Germany but that was hardly a crime because the allied military inspectors watched as we broke the treaty of Versailles. He said his proof of being innocent was that he served time in a German concentration camp for disagreeing with Hitler. The most repentant of all the Nazi higher ups was Albert Speer. He wanted to take responsibility for actions, and wanted the others to do the same. Speer was in charge of munitions and armament. The defendants all pleading not guilty, they were now left with the task of waiting for there fate. With the defendants all in custody the next step of the trial would be for the allies to organize their prosecution and manufacture the charges agents the defendants. The allies indicted the Nazis under four counts with each allied country dealing with one count. Committee (1) Conspiracy to commit crimes alleged in other counts (United States)Committee (2) Crimes agents peace (England)Committee (3) War Crimes (France)Committee (4) Crimes agents humanity (Russia) The United States alleged that the Nazi party as a whole committed conspiracy to start an aggressive war, to commit crimes agents humanity (slave labor and the stealing of resources) and to cleanse the world of various ethnic groups. After the Nazi party acquired governmental control over Germany they conspired to:(a compressed version of the indictment as a whole by all four countries)Conspiracy to Commit Crimes Agents the peace -Re-arm and reoccupy the Rhineland in violation of the treaty of Versailles (World War II surrender terms, limitations on Army, Air Force and Navy)-On 5/21/1935 the Germans falsely announced to the world that they would fallow the Versailles and Locarno Pacts (Territorial and weapons treaty)-Aggressive action agents Austria and Czechoslovakia. -As of 1937 plans were made for the conquest of Austria and Czechoslovakia contrary to what Hitler said â€Å"Germany neither intends, nor wishes to interfere in the internal affairs of Austria†-The planning to start war with Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Yugoslavia, Greece, England and Russia. Conspiracy to Commit War Crimes and Crimes Agents Humanity. .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .postImageUrl , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:hover , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:visited , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:active { border:0!important; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:active , .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89 .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf9ae19163e0453b9db38c6479c888e89:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Expression: Tinker V. Des Moines Essay-The Nazi party conspired to commit ethnic cleansing. -The Nazi party doctrine stated the fallowing. (a) That persons of German blood were a master race(b) That war was a necessary and noble activity of the German people(c) That the Nazi party was a supreme power even over God(d) Implementing anti-Semitism and the â€Å"master race† policy The Nazi’s persecution of the various Religions of Germany The Nazi’s use of slave labor from countries they conquered and stolen resources and national treasures The conspiracy charge of the United States covered all of the other counts of the indictment as well. To go along with the charges of the Nazi party there was an individual charge for each defendant as well. Goering was charged under all four counts of the indictment, specifically as president of the Richstage, setting up concentration camps, aggressive war and using his personal power to help the Nazis gain power and did not stop, but in fact encouraged the above-mentioned crimes. Von Ribbentrop was charged with all fou r counts, using his power as foreign minister to encouraged aggressive war on the countries of Europe, persecute different ethnic groups and for breaking a laundry lists of treaties. Schacht was charged with the first two counts of the indictment for being a member of the Nazi party, helping Germany re-arm, and encouraging war on Europe. Speer was charge with the last two counts of the indictment for enlisting slave labor. With the charges laid out for the world to see the trial was now ready to begin. With all the charges laid out the trial was set to begin. Each country would present its case to the court fallowed by each defendant presenting his case. The United States would present first. Lead prosecutor for the U.S Robert Jackson began to outline his case starting with Hitler’s rise to power and his propaganda policies. The first witness of the trial was Major Wallis who went into detail of how Hitler and Goebbels used propaganda to impose their doctrine of hate, persecution and ethnic cleansing on the German people. The key part of the trial came when the â€Å"Hoszbach document† was presented into evidence. The document outlined the Germany’s plan to take over Eastern Europe. â€Å"†¦To conquer Czechoslovakia and Austria simultaneously†¦German politics must reckon in part with its two hateful enemies England and France†. This document was damaging because it proved the United States case that the Nazi party had in fact conspired to conqu er Europe long before the outbreak of war. Next for the United Sates was the showing of an atrocity film with depicted German death camps as found by allied troops. The next key witness in the case was General Lahousen who was head of German counter-intelligence. He talked about the concentration camps and the atrocities there. With the United States case finished the British began there case which was short and to the point. With the United States bringing up all four counts of the indictments in their case the British case was very short. The first piece of evidence in the British case was letters from Franklin Roosevelt and Chamberlain of England pleading the Germans not to invade Poland and other European countries. The English also put forth documents of planed Nazi aggression that were taken as early as 1934. The French and Russian prosecutions were very similar in the fact that they outlined the death camps, slave labor and the stealing of property/resources. The French prose cution consisted basically of a list of various crimes from the murder of French P.O.W, to the stealing of art and supplies. They only called few witnesses and presented only a list of Nazi theft. The Russians also presented a list of crimes but they showed a very incrementing film of Nazi death camps in Eastern Europe. During the presentation of this film many of the defendants were seeing crying and were very shaken. With the prosecution case finished the defendants would present their case. Georing would be first. Georing only called two witnesses (not including himself) who were to testify that Georing tried to make peace with allied countries behind von Ribbentrop’s back and that he was unaware of the death camps. Both witnesses under cross from Jackson admitted that Georing did not make a real effort for peace and had infact started the concentration camps as head of the Prussia Police. When Georing testified he did not do much better. His only real defense was that â⠂¬Å"I was just a solider obeying my leader.† He was also made to admit that he knew of some of the incidents of extermination â€Å"but did not know the extent of them† . The next to take the stand was von Ribbentrop. His defense revolved around the theory that his office was disorganized that when he gave an order it was interpreted and changed â€Å"there was constant wrangling over authority, changing orders. The fact that high government officials were always at odds made the entire system a mess.† When he took the stand he did not ad very much to his case saying that many of the treaties he had signed in good faith, but that Hitler had given direct orders to disobey them. When crossed by the British he wilted under pressure of a stack of documents incriminating him. The next to testify was Schacht. He said, â€Å"He simply wanted to make Germany a economic force.† He proved that he did not fallow Hitler by presenting documents indicating his resignati on and his being thrown into a labor camp. The only points that were contested were his breaking of the Versailles treaty and his help in re-arming Germany. The last to testify from the group was Albert Speer. He took responsibility for his part in the crimes including slave labor, but added near the end of the war he had tried to assonate Hitler (This had been made public earlier in the trial) to prevent feather damage. He also said that he ignored Hitler’s order to destroy German â€Å"If Germany can not win the war then she dose not deserve to survive.† When Speer was crossed he admitted to the extent of the slave labor he had used and admitted that he was unconcerned about the legality of it all. The next phase in the trial was the moment of truth for all the condemned Nazis. The first verdict was that of Georing. The judge said that from the moment Georing had joined the party he had persecuted Jews, had encouraged Hitler to make war and had stolen treasure from o ccupied countries. Guilty on all counts, death by hanging. The next verdict was that of von Ribbentrop. The judge did see his side somewhat but added â€Å"it was because Hitler’s policy and plans coincided with his own ideas that Ribbentrop served him so willingly to the end.† Guilty all counts, death by hanging. .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .postImageUrl , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:hover , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:visited , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:active { border:0!important; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:active , .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u62071a5efbb5f5998e1bbda753f6be0f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drinking Age EssayIn the judge’s verdict of Schacht he denounced him but added, â€Å"The tribunal has considered the evidence with great care, and comes to the conclusion that this necessary inference (the Nazi party) has not been established beyond a reasonable doubt.† Not guilty. The last verdict was Speer who had thrown his mercy to the court. The judge sympathized with him but also denounced him. Guilty on counts three and four, twenty years impresentment. What was the legacy of the Nuremberg trials? It was meant to change how wars are fought forever, but did not complete that goal of a permanent tribunal with only one other human rights tribunal since then. The trial is a successes in it self but it’s legacy is a failure. Robert Jackson said what the Nuremberg trial was about best in his closing argument â€Å"They have been given the kind of trial which they in the days of their pomp and power, never gave any man†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Fairness and a more civilized society. BibliographyFootnotesLegal Issues